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自动扶梯是带有循环运行梯级，用于向上或向下倾斜输送乘客的固定电力驱动设备。

自动扶梯由梯路（变型的板式输送机）和两旁的扶手（变形的带式输送机）组成。其主要部件有梯级、牵引链条及链轮、导轨系统、主传动系统（包括电动机、减速装置、制动器及中间传动环节等）、驱动主轴、梯路张紧装置、扶手系统、梳板、扶梯骨架和电气系统等。梯级在乘客入口处作水平运动（方便乘客登梯），以后逐渐形成阶梯；在接近出口处阶梯逐渐消失，梯级再度作水平运动。这些运动都是由梯级主轮、辅轮分别沿不同的梯级导轨行走来实现的。

    An escalator is a fixed, electrically powered device equipped with continuously circulating steps, designed for inclined transportation of passengers upwards or downwards.

    It consists of a step pathway (a modified slat conveyor) and handrails on both sides (modified belt conveyors). Its main components include steps, traction chains and sprockets, guide rail systems, main drive systems (including electric motors, reduction gearboxes, brakes and intermediate transmission components, etc.), drive spindles, step pathway tensioning devices, handrail systems, comb plates, escalator trusses and electrical the passenger entrance, the steps move horizontally (to facilitate passenger boarding), then gradually form staircases; near the exit, the staircases gradually flatten out and the steps resume horizontal movement. All these movements are achieved by the main and auxiliary wheels of the steps traveling along different step guide rails respectively.